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شان نزول سوره لیل از روایت تا درایت
The Reason for the Revelation of Surah Layl from Narration to Wisdom
تخصصي
Special
پژوهشي
Research
<i><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">بسیاری از روایاتی که در سبب نزول سورهها نقل شده است، قصصیاند که با کمترین مناسبت معنایی بر سورهها انطباق داده شدند؛ بدون این که سبب نزول واقعی سورهها باشند. مضامین خود این سورهها پرده از شأن نزول واقعی سورهها برمیدارد و بهترین معیار برای ارزیابی روایات سبب نزولی به شمار میروند که ذیل سورهها آورده شدهاند. یکی از سورههایی که چنین وضعیتی دارد، سوره لیل است. روایاتی که در سبب نزول سوره لیل ذکر شده، با ظاهر و سیاق آیات این سوره و حتی مضامین مشابه در سورههای قبل و بعد به حسب ترتیب نزول سازگاری ندارند. این سوره در روایات اهل سنت، «سور</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:IRBadr">ه</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""> واللیل سور</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:IRBadr">ه</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""> ابی بکر» نامیده شده و ناظر به انفاق ابوبکر و در اثبات افضلیت و خلافت او دانسته شده و اما در روایات شیعه ناظر به انفاق امام علی</span></span></span><span style="font-size:7.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Roumouz">%</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""> یا ابودحداح به شمار رفته است. حال آن که ملاحظه ظاهر و سیاق آیات این سوره و نیز مضامین مشابه سورههای قبل و بعد از آن به لحاظ ترتیب نزول حاکی است که این سوره جز بر شخص خود حضرت محمد</span></span></span><span style="font-size:7.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Roumouz">$</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""> بر کسی دیگر قابل انطباق نیست.</span></span></span></i>
<i><span style="font-size:8.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Many of the narrations that have been narrated about the revelation of the surahs are stories that were adapted to the surahs with the least possible meaning without being the reason for the actual revelation of the surahs</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:8.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">.</span></span></span><span style="font-size:8.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> The themes of these surahs reveal the cause of revelation of the surahs</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:8.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">.</span></span></span><span style="font-size:8.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> and the best criteria for evaluating the narrations of the descent are considered to be given under the surahs</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:8.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">.</span></span></span><span style="font-size:8.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> One of the surahs that has such a situation is Surah Layl</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:8.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">.</span></span></span><span style="font-size:8.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> The narrations mentioned about the revelation of Surah Layl are not consistent with the appearance and context of the verses of this Surah and even similar themes in the preceding and following Surahs according to the order of revelation</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:8.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">.</span></span></span><span style="font-size:8.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> This Surah is called "Surah wal Layl, Surah Abi Bakr" in Sunni traditions and it is known about Abu Bakr's charity and in proving his excellence and caliphate, but in the Shia narrations, it is mentioned that it is about the charity of Imam Ali (as) or Abu</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:8.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">.</span></span></span><span style="font-size:8.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> However, considering the outward and context of the verses of this surah, as well as the similar themes of the surahs before and after it, in terms of the order of revelation, indicates that this surah cannot be applied to anyone except the Prophet Mohammad (pbuh).</span></span></span></i>
سوره لیل, تفسیر تاریخی, انفاق پیامبر, امام علی, ابوبکر, ابودحداح
Surah Layl, Historical Interpretation, Prophet's Charity, Imam Ali (as), Abu Bakr, Abu Daḥdāḥ.
83
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http://pnmag.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2-188&slc_lang=other&sid=1
Jafar
Nekounam
جعفر
نکونام
jnekoonam@gmail.com
10031947532846004996
10031947532846004996
No
Mohammad Hadi
Amin Naji
محمدهادی
امین ناجی
aminnaji@pnu.ac.ir
10031947532846004997
10031947532846004997
No
Zahra
Jalali Shouredeli
زهرا
جلالی شوره دلی
Sepid.jalali1@gmail.com
10031947532846004998
10031947532846004998
Yes