fa ملاک‌های نقد الحدیثی علامه مجلسی در تنقیح احادیث موضوعه در بحارالانوار تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <em><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">ورود</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">احادیث</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">موضوعه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">به</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مجموعه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">نقل‌های</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">معصومان</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">علیهم‌السلام</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">صحابه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">کبار</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">از</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">زمان</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">پیامبر</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">اسلام</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">(ص)</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">شروع</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">شد.</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">معصومان</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">علیهم</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">السلام</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">به</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تبع</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">آنها</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">دانشمندان</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">اسلامی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">صدد</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تنقیح</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">پاک‌سازی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">احادیث</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">نبوی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">از</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">این</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">احادیث</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">بر</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">آمدند</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تالیفات</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تحقیقات</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">بسیاری</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">شناخت</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">احادیث</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">جعلی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">جاعلان</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">عوامل</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">انگیزه‌های</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">جعل</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">انجام</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">شد.</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">میان</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تالیفات</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">شیعه،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">علامۀ مجلسی در کتاب</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">گراسنگ</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">بحار</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">الانوار</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">به</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">فراخور</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">جامعیت</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">اثر به</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">بررسی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">احادیث</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">موضوعه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">پرداخته</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">با</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">معرفی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">ملاک‌های</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">سنجش</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">احادیث</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">موضوع</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">شناساندن</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">انگیزه‌های</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">جعل</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">بحث‌های</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">علمی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">دامنه‌دار،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">موفقیت</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">چشمگیری</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">این</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">زمینه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">کسب</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">کرده</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">است.</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">پژوهش</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">حاضر</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">با</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">روش</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تحلیل</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">محتوایی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">روش‌ها</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">ملاک‌های</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تشخیص</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">احادیث</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">جعلی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">کتاب</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">بحارالانوار</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">را</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">استخراج</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">کرده</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">موضع‌گیری</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">شیوه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">علامه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مجلسی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مواجهه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">با</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">احادیث</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">موضوعه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">را</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">بررسی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">نموده</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و نمونه‌هایی از روش ایشان در معرفی روایات موضوع مانند: عرضه بر قرآن کریم، تعارض با احادیث متواتر، عرضه بر سنت، عرضه بر عقل، اتهام به غلو در معرفی سند، توجه به تقیه و داشتن عداوت به اهل بیت عرضه کرده است</span></span></span><span style="font-family:calibri,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">.</span></span></em> The entry of fabricated <em>hadiths</em> into the collection of narrations from the Infallibles (a.s.) and the eminent Companions began from the time of the Prophet of Islam (p.b.u.h.). The Infallibles (a.s.) and subsequently the Islamic scholars sought to refine and purify the prophetic <em>hadiths</em> from these <em>hadiths</em>, and many books were written and various researches were conducted in recognizing false <em>hadiths</em>, forgers and the factors and motives of their forgery. Among the Shiite authors, Allameh Majlisi in his meritorious book, Bihar al-Anwar, has examined fabricated <em>hadiths</em>, considering the volume of the book, and has achieved remarkable success in this field by introducing the criteria for evaluating fabricated <em>hadiths</em> and the motives of fabrication and presenting extensive scientific discussions. Using the content analysis method, the present study has extracted the methods and criteria for distinguishing fabricated <em>hadiths</em> from sound <em>hadiths</em> in Bihar al-Anwar. It has further examined the position and method of Allameh Majlisi in dealing with fabricated <em>hadiths</em> and has presented some examples of his techniques in identifying fabricated <em>hadiths</em> like the holy Quran, finding contradictions between them and the frequently narrated <em>hadiths</em>, <em>sunnah</em>, checking them against intellect, accusing the narrator of exaggeration in introducing documents and paying attention to <em>taqiyyah</em> (a precautionary dissimulation or denial of religious belief and practice in the face of persecution) and having enmity with Ahl al-Bayt. معیارهای نقد, حدیث موضوع, مجلسی, بحارالانوار criticism criteria, fabricated hadith, Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar 115 136 http://pnmag.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2-77&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Maryam Sadat Zabarjad مریم السادات زبرجد maryamossadatzebarjad@gmail.com 10031947532846001987 10031947532846001987 No Nehleh Gharavi Naeini نهله غروی نائینی NAEENI_N@modares.ac.ir 10031947532846001988 10031947532846001988 Yes