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Patterns of Confrontation and Opposition to Hypocrisy and Disbelief in the Semantics of Verse 84 of Surah Tawbah
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Nematollah Firoozi1   , Asma Zohurian |
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Abstract: (4 Views) |
| Verse 84 of Surah Tawbah is a key Quranic verse elucidating the phenomenon of hypocrisy and its consequences within the Islamic community. This verse refers to the hypocrites who, during the Prophet’s era, threatened Islamic unity through discordant behaviors within the Muslim society. The present study employs a comparative-analytical method and examines authoritative exegetical sources from both major sects (Shi’a and Sunni) to explore points of divergence and convergence among commentators in four main areas: first, the prohibition of performing the funeral prayer over hypocrites; second, the strategy of negative confrontation with hypocrisy; third, the command of takhdhīl (humiliation) of hypocrites; and fourth, the continuation of the hereafter punishment for disbelievers. The findings demonstrate that by addressing the conflict between apparent and inner faith, this verse offers profound insights into the nature of ethical-social responsibilities and enhances understanding of the challenges faced by contemporary Islamic societies. |
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| Keywords: Verse 84 of Tawbah, Comparative Exegesis, Hypocrisy, Prophet (pbuh), the Two Sects, Humiliation of Hypocrites. |
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Full-Text [PDF 704 kb]
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2025/09/13 | Accepted: 2025/09/11 | Published: 2025/09/11
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